Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): A Guide to Mirena and Kyleena
Hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs) have revolutionised contraception and the management of menstrual disorders for women worldwide. In this post, we'll delve into the specifics of two hormonal IUDs: Mirena and Kyleena.
What is Mirena?
Mirena is a hormonal IUD that releases a small amount of the hormone levonorgestrel into the uterus. It works by thickening cervical mucus, inhibiting sperm movement, and thinning the uterine lining, thereby preventing fertilisation.
Benefits:
Highly effective contraception, with a failure rate of less than 1%.
Long-acting, providing up to five years of protection.
Can reduce menstrual bleeding and cramping for many women.
May be used to treat heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), endometriosis, and adenomyosis.
Offers a reversible form of contraception with rapid return to fertility upon removal.
Risks and Side Effects:
While rare, there is a risk of complications such as perforation of the uterus during insertion.
Common side effects may include irregular bleeding, headaches, breast tenderness, and acne.
Some women may experience mood changes, headaches, or acne, although these side effects are uncommon.
Efficacy:
Mirena is over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy and is one of the most reliable forms of contraception available.
Procedure:
Insertion of Mirena is a simple procedure performed in a doctor's office. The device is inserted into the uterus through the cervix using a thin applicator. Most women experience discomfort during insertion, similar to menstrual cramps, which typically resolves whilst recovering from the procedure. Bleeding is expected and is generally light continuing for 3 months post-procedure.
What is Kyleena?
Kyleena is similar to Mirena in many ways but has a lower hormone dosage and smaller size. While both devices release levonorgestrel, Kyleena releases it at a slightly lower rate and has a lower total hormone content. As a result, Kyleena is typically recommended for women who desire contraception for up to five years but prefer a smaller device with lower hormone levels.
Who Would Benefit from Each Device?
Mirena: Ideal for women seeking long-term contraception with the added benefit of menstrual management. It's particularly suitable for women with heavy menstrual bleeding or those who desire a highly effective and long-acting form of birth control.
Kyleena: Suitable for women who prefer a smaller IUD with lower hormone levels while still providing highly effective contraception. It may be a preferred option for nulliparous women (those who have not given birth). Most women will still have some cyclical light bleeding with the Kyleena which in some cases might be preferred.
Dr Jess can offer insertion and removal of both Mirena and Kyleena in her GP office. Get started today with a consultation to discuss if this might be the right option for you or speak with your own healthcare provider.
Stay tuned for our next post, where we'll discuss the importance of regular health screenings for women.